Go to page 1 2 3 4 5 6 7

The Events in the Life of the Rev. Leonard Jenyns in the Year 1830


by Roger F.Vaughan B.A., B.Sc.Hons.


Return to Homepage


Page Four

17th June 1830 (Thursday)

George Harvey Vachell finished a long and closely written letter to Jenyns that he had started on the 14th, from Macao. The last letter from Jenyns was dated 5th September 1829 and had arrived on the 18th May 1830. His plants had arrived safely in England but no-one mentioned the box of saucers "of the beautiful gold and silver which the chinese use with such effect in their paintings - there were eight of them for your sister Elizabeth in the same box as the plants".

"I am much concerned to find, that in all probability my labours during the last spring, summer and autumn. in behalf of your Museum at Cambridge are likely to have been bestowed in ocean - as we have just heard of the melancholy disaster which befell the H.C."Bridgewater" in her homeward bound passage and as all her guns, Cargo from the "Orlop Deck &c, &c were thrown overboard and probably a good deal of baggage to clear the way to the said cargo. I think there is but little chance that my large case escaped the general confusion".

Vachell doubted that he could collect some of the plants again and many other things such as the chinese murderer's skull, but he was making another collection of plants and flowers.
"I think I can get you some more geological specimens from the Peninsula, and some cool day I will take out my hammer and chisel for that purpose. The principal to be met with; is Granite... and in every part of the Peninsula are to be seen Quartz Dykes of great magnitude traversing the granite...".
Edible birds nests and collecting nests were of considerable interest to Vachell as well as insects

"When I first came to China, everyone told me that it was impossible to keep insects from the scavenger insects, "I have got several butterflies &c &c. in an airtight glass cabinet what have been in about a year & a half - and not one bears the slightest appearance of decomposition" he treated then lightly with a mixture of Turpentine and Camphor which formed a kind of varnish on them.

Vachell was in excellent health "I continue to like China extremely" he was only four pounds lighter than when he left England. "In the comfy establishments in China every thing is done as if by clockwork, and it is by being so abstemious and careful of non-imposture to the midday sun, that we all enjoy such uninterrupted good health; and all this to, with every luxury around us; for our table...

I have two excellent houses (which cost me nothing) viz one in Canton, & one in Macao. The situation of the latter is exceedingly delightful it is upon the Esplanade, the sea coming up every tide within a few yards of it, the Bay opposite it always presents a cheerful scene; yesterday upwards of 30 sail of large Fishing Boats were out just past my window into the inner harbour". Many ships come and go, providing amusement, those from the "3 Indian Presidencies" anchor in the roads "3 or 4 miles off" those belonging to the Portuguese pass into the harbour.

They took evening cruises "our Cutter is now in beautiful order", and the Ladies occasionally go with them out into the Roads.
They had a good library, well stocked with publications and papers, many of his circle kept horses, but Vachell was fond of walking and the only animal he kept was a "Large Sumatra (I believe) Monkey which is very handsome, and very tame".

This letter was sent via "Singapore" and directed to Jenyns at his vicarage, there is no other postmark is on the cover.

26th June 1830 (Saturday)

King George IV died.

28th June 1830 (Friday)

William Yarrell wrote to Jenyns from London "Your present of fishes came safely to my hands in beautiful condition, I should think, differing but little from their appearance when alive and the Red or Shallow exhibiting the particular metallic hue you described, and all of them more rich in colour generally than those of the same species I am in the habit of seeing, the fins all being remarkable for their brilliant vermillion colour, but white at the base.
Some slight differences will probably occur in fishes of the same species from different waters, both in colour and number of fin rays. The two examples of Bream you sent me differed considerably... The Roach and Dace appear to be the same. I could not observe any difference in the four you sent me, supposed to be two of each... your fishes are richer in colour than ours from the Thames, which the greater impurity of the water near London may account for.

One object I have in writing is to tell you that about 20 fellows of the Linnean Society intend meeting at the White Hart at Braintree (Essex) on Saturday next by 12 or 1 o'clock, to walk over to Black Notley, [to] visit the house and Tomb of John Ray, and return to Braintree for dinner, most of the party will also stop the next day, and go to Black Notley Church, and we shall all be most happy to see you there, if your arrangements will permit. I have heard that Professor Henslow will be there if possible".


Jenyns was also planning a visit to London and Yarrell wants him to "take up your abode with me". The letter was posted on the 28th June, free postage with a "Frank" and arrived at Cambridge on the 29th June.

A Groundling provided by Jenyns is figured on page 432 of "Yarrell's Fishes".

28th June 1830 (Monday)

A local man who was in the habit of bringing down birds with a stone, killed one in a hedge between Bottisham and Wilbraham. He brought the bird, a Red-backed Butcher-bird, to Jenyns, it was not the first. "it is rather singular that the same man killed a bird of this species in the same place, a few years back & in the same manner".

30th June 1830 (Wednesday)

"Several specimens of the Tree sparrow (Passer montanus) have occured lately in the neighborhood of Cambridge. I was shewn one by C.Darwin of Xts' Coll. - which was killed close to Bottisham".


End of June 1830

"Much rain throughout the month of June"

. 1st July 1830 (Thursday)

"Some years ago, two eels of an enormous size were taken in a drain near Wisbeach, weighing, the larger one 28 pounds & the smaller 22 pounds, the length of each was upwards of six feet, and the girth equalling a man's leg. The skins of these fish were stuffed & brought to Cambridge - where they are still to be seen in a fishmonger's shop in Trumpington Street. A short time since [probably on Saturday 3rd July] I shewed them to Mr.Yarrell, who happened to be at Cambridge - & he pronounced them to be the fresh-water eels (& not Congers) and belong to the slender headed kind. It is worthy of note that these eels were taken on the occasion of cleaning the drain out, and that no other fish of any kind, according to the report I received, were found with them". [note: By 1846 the fishmonger's shop had gone]

3rd July 1830 (Saturday)

It seems likely that Yarrell and Jenyns went on the Linnean Society's trip to Black Notley to see the tomb of Ray. Yarrell must have stopped off at Cambridge and Jenyns showed him the eels in the Fishmonger's.

12th July 1830 (Monday)

Vachell started writing another letter to Jenyns, it was commenced at Macao.
"I have been cruising in our yacht amongst the islands, near Macao Roads, and having landed upon some of those nearest the edge of the China Sea,...I did not fail to take advantage of "culling samples" upon many islands whereon an European foot has seldom trod, & although many of the flowers & plants I brought form thence, are so precisely similar to those obtained nearer home, you may perhaps find some that are worthy of acceptance;
on these trips I always take a vast quantity of paper for drying plants; a large, and wide mouthed bottle of sprit for any reptiles I may find myself, or any old fish I may chance to draw from the "wells" of those fishing boats, which having toiled all day, some miles out to sea, are wont to return to the snug bays which we generally look out for "Under Lee" of the outside Islands for a night anchorage.


I am very much inclined to believe from the apparent interest I excite among the Islanders when returning from my morning & evening walks my hands full of flowers &c &c, that they believe me to be a medical collector, Quack Doctor, or something of the kind, they approach, & examine with much apparent curiosity my collections, occasionally putting a finger to their mouths...I am making a separate "Hortus Siccus" this season for the different flowers &c I can procure from the Macao& Canton gardens".


Vachell had been collecting beautiful cotton shrubs, some burst and displayed their contents "from which all the brown Nankeen Cloth is fabricated".
Bee keepers it seemed, waited until a swarm left the hive, then through a handful of sand in the air above them, this forced the bees down, where they were caught in a box. They were then suspended on a pole above water to stop the ants getting in. The honey "is much thinner than in England, but possesses a very delicate flavour".
Vachell thought that the Java "leaf insects, the most curious creatures I have seen in the East; and have one or two in our Museum, the body and shape and appearance is so exactly like a leaf, that it requires minute inspection to be detected in the smaller ones".


13th July 1830 (Tuesday)

Vachell in Macao continues:" The thermometer now stands (1.pm.) at 90ø in a way near the window in my room; but it is a most lovely day nevertheless, and a nice little breeze comes off the water which renders it very pleasant when sitting still in the house, the sun is bright, with a beautiful clear atmosphere, and all the most distant islands can be seen from my window, just close to which by the way, are several Chinese wading from the Beach to fish, without an article of covering on the shoulders or bare heads; their skulls must be miraculously thick, if the sun does not inconvenience them...After 6 in the evening, it is quite delightful getting a ramble; or going on the water;
I am anxiously looking out for two Indiamen from Bombay to appear round the "Calneta Point" many country ships are expected hourly from India; and an American Dr. from London: My telescope is generally at hand on my writing table as ships generally show their number when they approach from seaward".


15th July 1830 (Thursday)

Vachell had a close encounter with a poisonous snake on one of the islands, which he killed. He had also been collecting some "curious plants from the surface of the water, in pools about the Hill ravines". He always collected flowers and seeds where practicable "as a friend of mine here is upon most intimate terms with Dr Hooker of Glasgow; many duplicates I obtain, will probably find their way to that celebrated Professor".


The letter was sent Via "Mexico" and the American Brig."Lancaster" on the 18th July 1830. It seems to have gone to "New Orleans" on the 10th Nov. 1830 and signed "H.Butt Consul" it was eventually stamped as "Shipletter Liverpool". and delivered to Jenyns at "Little Swaffham Vicarage".

17 July 1830 (Saturday)

Fish were much on Jenyns' mind, his brother gave him an account of his fishing in the Cam some years before. He had caught a Trout but it was supposed to be "a very uncommon fish in that river".

End of July

July was a wet month, much rain fell at intervals throughout the month.

31st July 1830 (Saturday)

Jenyns packed his bags for one of his English walking tours, this time to Derbyshire. This tour he wrote up in great detail every day, some extracts follow. It was usual for his sunday services to be taken by a student from Cambridge University in his absence. "Left London in the afternoon for St. Albans, where I arrived for dinner" he was going to stay several days.




Go to page five


Go to page 1 2 3 4 5 6 7


Return to Homepage






email me about this site




http://www.rogerco.freeserve.co.uk.